Passive smart surface technology promises to advance 5G and beyond
The smart surface is designed to address the inherent instability of wireless signals in large environments where limited signal strength and objects within wireless zones affect signal range and interfere with device connectivity, which can affect the operation of existing applications and is slowing the implementation of high-speed, 5G services and the design of 6G architecture. The new technology, say the researchers, paves the way for the manufacture of smart surfaces and the introduction of low latency, 5G cellular services by controlling and delivering strong and consistent wireless signals in open spaces.
Smart surfaces – also known as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) – are arrays of programmable electronic material that control and amplify wireless signals within a targeted environment. They can attach to most surfaces and beam wireless signals to specific areas: this enables different wireless zones and services to be set up within only a few wireless communication environments.
“Smart surfaces are incredibly versatile and ideally suited for creating public and private networks in large open spaces like train stations, shopping areas and 5G-connected factories,” says Vincenzo Sciancalepore, Principal Research Scientist at NEC. “This opens up new business opportunities for service providers to implement low latency, 5G services that are contextually relevant and location specific. Once realized, the simplicity of these devices will accelerate the planning of 6G architecture.”
NEC smart surfaces improve on current RIS technology by being fully passive with no active radio frequency components, which reduces their overall power consumption and the amount of electronics that need to be printed. This means lower production costs and a smaller carbon footprint.
Xavier Costa, head of NEC Laboratories Europe’s 6G Research Group adds, “Smart surfaces can be designed to stick on anything to direct and amplify wireless signals in open spaces, but until now their cost to manufacture has prevented serious consideration for use. With that issue resolved we now have a realistic roadmap for rapid commercialization, which represents a real eureka milestone for wireless communications.”
Existing third party, smart surface prototypes exhibit major drawbacks such as reconfiguration latency, circuit complexity and high-energy consumption, say the researchers. In contrast, NEC’s smart surfaces improve on standard RIS electronic design, making it simpler, while increasing device reconfiguration speeds.
“A faster reconfiguration rate will allow a smart surface to plug directly into existing O-RAN-compliant network architecture, where a near-real time, RAN Intelligent Control (RIC) can directly exchange information with the device and change its configuration,” says Sciancalepore.
Once commercialized, say the researchers, smart surfaces will be integrated into existing wireless networks, greatly reducing existing installation and maintenance costs for local telecommunication operators. The technology will enable a higher accuracy of indoor geolocation systems, provide strong electromagnetic field (EMF) protection in public areas, and will help deliver enhanced, personalized services for end users.
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